摘要：

《资本论》揭示了工作日的构成、界限及形成机理，为理解数智时代工作日的演变逻辑提供了理论视角。数字资本通过侵蚀劳动者对时间的自主安排、模糊劳闲边界、冲击身体与道德界限，催生出新型工作日困境。在社会主义市场经济条件下，破解这一困境可从技术向善、法律规制、教育筑基三个维度展开：一是通过将公平、正义价值嵌入算法逻辑，使数智技术发展带来的效率提升惠及广大劳动者；二是完善相关法律法规，如确立“离线权”、细化数字劳动时长认定标准等，为劳动者维护自身权益提供制度保障；三是加强劳动者教育与素养提升，帮助其从被动接受管理的对象，逐步成长为具有权利意识与行动能力的能动主体。

Abstract：

Das Kapital reveals the composition,boundaries and formation mechanism of the working day,providing a theoretical perspective for understanding the evolutionary logic of the working day in the digital intelligence era.By eroding workers' autonomy over their time,blurring the boundaries between labor and leisure,and undermining physical and moral boundaries,digital capital has given rise to a new predicament of the working day.Under the conditions of the socialist market economy,this predicament can be addressed from three dimensions:ethical technology application,legal regulation,and capacity building.First,by embedding the values of fairness and justice into algorithmic logic,the efficiency gains brought by the development of digital intelligence technology can benefit the general workforce.Second,it's suggested to improve relevant laws and regulations—such as establishing the right to disconnect and refining the working-hour standards for digital labor—to provide institutional guarantees for workers to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests.Third,it's advisable to strengthen education and competency improvement for workers,enabling them to evolve from passively managed parties into active subjects with rights awareness and action capabilities.